Type	Private
Founded	1997
Headquarters	Tokyo, Japan
Key people	Lorenzo Fertitta and Frank Fertitta III, owners Jamie Pollack, President
Industry	Mixed martial arts promotion
Website	http://www.pridefc.com/

PRIDE Fighting Championships (PRIDE or PRIDE FC for short) was a mixed martial arts organization based in Japan. Its inaugural event was held at the Tokyo Dome on October 11, 1997. PRIDE has held more than sixty mixed martial arts events. As formerly one of the most popular MMA organizations in the world, PRIDE broadcasted to about 40 countries worldwide. PRIDE also holds the largest live MMA event audience record of over 71,000 people at the PRIDE and K-1 co-production, Shockwave/Dynamite, held in August 2002, as well as the audience record of over 67,450 people at the PRIDE Final Conflict 2003.

In March 2007, Dream Stage Entertainment sold PRIDE to Lorenzo Fertitta and Frank Fertitta III, co-owners of Zuffa, which own rival promotion the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). While remaining legally separate entities with separate managements, the two promotions were to cooperate in a manner akin to the AFL-NFL merger.

History

Origins

PRIDE Fighting Championships was initially conceived in 1997 by Kakutougi Revolution Spirits to match popular Japanese pro-wrestler Nobuhiko Takada with Rickson Gracie, the purported champion of the Gracie family of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioners. The event, held at the Tokyo Dome on October 11, 1997 attracted 47,000 fans, as well as Japanese mass media attention. The success of the first event enabled its promoters to hold a regular series of mixed martial arts events, and a year later in 1998, promote a rematch between Takada and Gracie. With K-1 enjoying popularity in Japan, PRIDE began to compete with monthly showings on Fuji Television, as well as pay per view on the newly formed satellite television channel SKY PerfecTV.

In 2000, PRIDE organized the first ever PRIDE Grand Prix, a two-part openweight tournament held to find the "world's best fighter". The tournament was held over the course of two events, with sixteen fighters competing in an opening round, and the eight winners returning three months later for the final round. The second round of the tournament marked the first time PRIDE was broadcast in the United States, and featured American fighter Mark Coleman winning the tournament by defeating Igor Vovchanchyn in the final round.

In August 2002, PRIDE teamed up with Japan's leading kickboxing and fight promotion, K-1, and held the worlds biggest fight event, Shockwave (known as PRIDE/K-1 Dynamite!! in Japan), which attracted over 90,000 fans.

On January 13, 2003, the PRIDE organization was thrown into turmoil when DSE President Naoto Morishita was found dead hanging by his neck in his hotel room, apparently after his mistress told him she wanted to end their affair. Speculation still looms whether this could possibly be the real reason, as trouble with tax authorities and the yakuza have also been speculated to play a role. Nobuyuki Sakakibara later assumed the presidency.

In 2003 PRIDE introduced the Bushido series of events, which focused on the lighter weight classes of lightweights and welterweights. The Bushido series also stressed a faster pace, with bouts consisting of only one ten minute round and one five minute round, as well as quicker referee intervention of stalling tactics, using the new "yellow card" system of purse deduction.

Also in 2003, PRIDE returned to the tournament format, with a middleweight grand prix spanning two events, Total Elimination 2003 and Final Conflict 2003. The format would be expanded to three events in 2004, adding Critical Countdown 2004 as the second round. PRIDE would go on to hold annual tournaments, a Heavyweight tournament in 2004, Middleweight in 2005, and Openweight in 2006.

A PRIDE Fighting Championships fighter introduction in 2005.

In 2006 PRIDE announced it would cooperate with the Ultimate Fighting Championship, North America's largest MMA organization, and would be showcasing their fighters, including Wanderlei Silva and Kazuyuki Fujita, at a UFC event in November. However, Dana White, president of the UFC has since commented that the announced bout between Chuck Liddell and Wanderlei Silva is unlikely to happen because "the Japanese are very hard to do business with". This statement is likely due to the failure of previous attempts between White and DSE to organize a fighter exchange agreement. Specifically after entering Chuck Liddell in PRIDE's 2003 middleweight tournament, which was also with the intention of Liddell eventually fighting Silva, which fell through when Chuck Liddell lost in the semi-finals to Quinton Jackson (Jackson subsequently lost to Silva by technical knockout in the finals.

PRIDE has continued to enjoy success, holding roughly ten events per year, and even out-drawing rival K-1 at the annual New Year's Eve show PRIDE Shockwave 2005. On October 21, 2006, PRIDE held its first MMA event in USA, PRIDE 32: The Real Deal took place in front of an audience of 11,727 at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, and was the first PRIDE event to be held outside of Japan.

On June 5, 2006, Fuji Network announced that they were terminating their television contract with PRIDE Fighting Championships effective immediately due to a breach of contract by DSE. This leaves PRIDE with only SKY PerfecTV, a pay-per-view carrier, as a television outlet in Japan, and the loss of the substantial revenues from the Fuji deal threatened its sustainability. DSE has been surrounded by speculation in the Japanese media, especially in Japanese tabloid Shukan Gendai, that it may be a front for the notorious yakuza crime organization. DSE responded to the loss by stating they will continue with their schedule as currently planned, including an event in Las Vegas, Nevada, PRIDE 32: The Real Deal which took place on October 21, 2006, PRIDE's first event outside of Japan.

In late 2006, PRIDE officially announced plans for Mike Tyson to fight in the organizations New Year's Eve show. Tyson would face a PRIDE fighter under boxing rules. Since Tyson is not allowed to fight in Japan because of his criminal record, PRIDE wants to stage the fight in an alternate country, possibly Macau, China. The fight would be broadcast live on large television screens in the Saitama Super Arena, where the regular mixed martial arts bouts will be held.

On November 29, 2006, PRIDE announced the discontinuation of its Bushido events, with the intention of integrating the matches from lighter weight classes, mainly featured in Bushido, into regular PRIDE events. PRIDE also announced that future Grand Prix tournaments would take place on a four year weight class cycle, with one Grand Prix per year. The first expected one, a Lightweight Grand Prix, has been cancelled.

PRIDE Worldwide era

On Tuesday, March 27, 2007, Nobuyuki Sakakibara announced that Station Casinos Inc. magnate Lorenzo Fertitta, co-owner of Zuffa and its subsidiary Ultimate Fighting Championship, had made a deal to acquire all assets of PRIDE Fighting Championships from Dream Stage Entertainment after PRIDE 34: Kamikaze in a deal reportedly worth under USD$70 million, though the figure was not publicly disclosed. Managing the assets under the newly created PRIDE FC Worldwide Holdings, LLC, including their video library and the contracts of the fighters currently on the PRIDE roster, the new management company had originally planned to continue to promote PRIDE events in Japan and keep to its previously announced schedule. Lorenzo Fertitta announced they planned to operate PRIDE separately from Zuffa's two MMA brands, the UFC and WEC, planned on having occasional crossover shows and matches, pitting fighters from PRIDE against fighters from the UFC, using the metaphor of the AFL-NFL merger to compare the situation.

Recent remarks by UFC President Dana White however cast doubt as to what the new owners will actually do with PRIDE. After the sale officially closed on May 25, 2007, White remarked that he planned on bringing PRIDE's biggest names into UFC competition instead of keeping them in PRIDE and that they were still deciding on what to do with PRIDE itself. In later comments made in August 2007, White expressed doubt that Zuffa can resurrect PRIDE in Japan, saying, "I’ve pulled everything out of the trick box that I can and I can’t get a TV deal over there with PRIDE. I don’t think they want us there. I don’t think they want me there."

On October 4, 2007, PRIDE Worldwide closed its Japanese office, laying off 20 people who were working there since the closing of DSE.

Controversy

In May 2007 Quinton "Rampage" Jackson claimed that Pride officials had approached him and encouraged him not to tap out should Kazushi Sakuraba catch him in a submission in July 2001. Although Jackson did indeed lose the fight, he maintains that he gave his best effort.

Rules

PRIDE's rules differ between main PRIDE events and Bushido events. It was announced on November 29, 2006 that Bushido events would be discontinued, though it is unclear if the Bushido-specific rules will be scrapped or will continue to be used for lightweight and welterweight bouts.

Match length

PRIDE matches consist of three rounds; the first lasting ten minutes, and the second and third lasting five. Intermissions between each round are two minutes in length. In PRIDE US events, NSAC Unified MMA rules are in effect with non-title matches consisting of three five minute rounds. Title matches are 5 five minute rounds. Both have 60 second intermissions between rounds.

If two rounds of a Grand Prix take place on the same night, Grand Prix bouts will consist of two rounds; the first lasting ten minutes and the second lasting five. Intermissions between each round remain two minutes in length.

Weight classes

• Heavyweight (more than 93 kg / 205 lb)
• Middleweight (less than or equal to 93 kg / 205 lb)
• Welterweight (less than or equal to 83 kg / 183 lb)
• Lightweight (less than or equal to 73 kg / 161 lb)

Ring

PRIDE uses a five-roped square ring with sides 7 m in length, which is approximately 23'.

Attire

PRIDE allows fighters latitude in their choice of attire but open finger gloves, a mouthguard and a protective cup are mandatory. It is within a fighter's discretion to tape parts of their body or to wear a gi top, gi pants, wrestling shoes, kneepads, elbow pads, or ankle supports, though each is checked by the referee before the fight.

Victory

Matches are won via:

• Submission
  • A fighter taps either his opponent or the mat three times.
  • A fighter may also verbally submit.
• Knockout
  • A fighter falls from a legal blow and is either unconscious or unable to immediately continue.
• Technical Knockout
  • Referee Stoppage (the referee stops the match after seeing that one fighter is completely dominant to the point of endangering his opponent).
  • Doctor Stoppage (the referee stops the match in the event that a fighter is injured via a legal blow and the ring doctor determines that he cannot continue).
  • Forfeited Match (a fighter's corner throws in the towel).
• Decision
  • If the match reaches its time limit then the outcome of the bout is determined by the three judges. The fight is scored in its entirety and not round-by-round. After the third round, each judge must decide a winner. Matches cannot end in a draw. A decision is made according to the following criteria in this order of priority:

1. the effort made to finish the fight via KO or submission,
2. damage given to the opponent,
3. standing combinations and ground control,
4. takedowns and takedown defense,
5. aggressiveness, and
6. weight (in the case that the weight difference is 10 kg/22 lb or more).

If a fight is stopped on advice of the ring doctor after an accidental but illegal action, i.e. a clash of heads, and the contest is in its second or third round, the match will be decided by the judges using the same criteria.

• Disqualification
  • A "warning" will be given in the form of a yellow card or a green card (The green card gives a 10% deduction of a fighters purse) when a fighter commits an illegal action or does not follow the referee's instruction. Three warnings will result in a disqualification.
  • A fighter will be disqualified if a match is stopped on advice of the ring doctor as a result of his deliberate illegal actions.
  • The application of oil, ointment, spray, Vaseline, massaging cream, hair cream, or any other substances to any part of the fighter's body before and during the fights is prohibited. The discovery of any of these substances will result in a disqualification.
• No Contest
  • In the event that both sides commit a violation of the rules, the bout will be declared a "No Contest."
  • If a fight is stopped on advice of the ring doctor after an accidental but illegal action, i.e. a clash of heads, the match will be declared a no contest in the first round only.

Fouls

PRIDE Fighting Championships considers the following to be fouls:

1. Head butting.
2. Eye gouging.
3. Hair pulling.
4. Biting.
5. Fish hooking.
6. Any attacks to the groin
7. Strikes to the back of the head, which includes the occipital region and the spine. The sides of the head and the area around the ears are not considered to be the back of the head. (see Rabbit punch)
8. Small joint manipulation (control of four or more fingers/toes is necessary).
9. Elbow strikes to the head and face.
10. Intentionally throwing your opponent out of the ring.
11. Running out of the ring.
12. Purposely holding the ropes. Fighters cannot purposely hang an arm or leg on the ropes and it will result in an immediate warning.

In the event that a fighter is injured by illegal actions, then at the discretion of the referee and ring doctor, the round will attempt to be resumed after enough time has been given to the fighter to recover. If the match cannot be continued due to the severity of the injury then the fighter who perpetrated the action will be disqualified.

Match conduct

• If both fighters are on the verge of falling out of the ring or become entangled in the ropes, the referee will stop the action. The fighters must immediately stop their movements and will then be repositioned in the center of the ring in the same position. Once they are comfortably repositioned, they resume at the referee's instruction.
• Referees can give a fighter a penalty card for lack of activity. Every card, including warning cards, are a 10% deduction of a fighter's purse. This method is aimed to prevent inaction.

Matches between fighters of different weight classes

PRIDE makes special provision for fights between fighters of different weight classes or fighters with a large weight difference in the same weight class. The lighter fighter is given a choice on whether to permit knees or kicks to the face when in the "four points" position in the following cases:

• If both fighters are in the middleweight class and there is a weight difference of 10 kg/22 lb or more between the fighters.
• If the match is between a middleweight and heavyweight and there is a weight difference of 10 kg/22 lb or more between the fighters.
• If both fighters are in the heavyweight class and there is a weight difference of 15 kg/33 lb or more between the fighters.

PRIDE Bushido

There are a few minor differences from main PRIDE events.

• Bouts on PRIDE Bushido events consist of two rounds; the first lasting ten minutes and the second lasting five. Intermissions between each round are two minutes in length.
• Bushido "Challenge Matches" consist of two rounds lasting five minutes each. Intermissions between each round are two minutes in length.
• In Bushido, red cards are issued in a similar way that yellow cards are used in PRIDE FC. A red card results in a 10% deduction of the fighter's fight purse. Red cards can be given out in an unlimited number without disqualification. If fighters commit the following actions, they shall be given a red card by officials:
  • Stalling or failure to initiate any offensive attack,
  • making no attempt to finalize the match or damage the opponent, and
  • holding the opponent's body with the arms and legs to produce a stalemate.

Differences from the Unified Rules of Combat

Some states athletic commissions require mixed martial arts events to modify rules to match the Mixed Martial Arts Unified Rules of Combat, as introduced by the New Jersey State Athletic Control Board, and adopted by the Nevada State Athletic Commission in order to receive state sanctioning.

PRIDE's rules differ from the Unified Rules of Combat in the following ways:

• PRIDE allows kicking and kneeing the head of a downed opponent who is on his back. This is considered a foul in the Unified Rules, which only allows kicks and knees to the head of a standing opponent.
• PRIDE allows a fighter to stomp a downed opponent. This is considered a foul in the Unified Rules.
• PRIDE allows a fighter to Spike (piledriver) an opponent. This is considered a foul in the Unified Rules.
• PRIDE does not allow elbow strikes to the head of an opponent. The Unified rules allows elbows provided they are not striking directly down with the point of the elbow.
• PRIDE's matches include a ten minute first round, with two minute rest periods. The Unified rules allow rounds no longer than five minutes, with rest periods not exceeding one minute.
• PRIDE's matches are not judged on the ten point must system, rather judges score the whole fight. The Unified rules call for all matches to be judged using the ten point must system.

At the announcement on March 27, 2007 that the Fertittas are purchasing PRIDE, it was stated that all future PRIDE events (after PRIDE 34) would be held under Unified Rules, eliminating 10 minute opening rounds, ground knees, stomps and more.

PRIDE events

In addition to their main, "numbered" events, PRIDE have staged other series of events for different purposes.

PRIDE Grand Prix

In 2000, PRIDE held their first grand prix. With no weight limits, it is now considered to be their first openweight grand prix. Held across two events, PRIDE Grand Prix 2000 Opening Round featured first round bouts and PRIDE Grand Prix 2000 Finals featured the quarter finals, semi finals and final.

The concept was brought back in 2003, with a middleweight grand prix. Held across two cards, Total Elimination 2003 featured the first two rounds of the Grand Prix and Final Conflict 2003 featured the semi finals and final. Subsequent middleweight, heavyweight and, in 2006, openweight grands prix have taken place across three events when, in 2004, Critical Countdown was introduced for second round bouts. Both Critical Countdown and Final Conflict have a mix of grand prix and non-grand prix matches.

From 2007, PRIDE will hold only one grand prix a year and it will rotate between each of their four established weight classes.

PRIDE Bushido

With PRIDE's numbered shows and Grands Prix focused on heavier fighters, in October 2003, PRIDE started a series of events entitled "Bushido". With the focus on lighter combatants, two weight classes, lightweight and welterweight, were formed at 73 and 83 kg respectively. After PRIDE Bushido 13, it was announced that the series would end and these weight classes would transfer to main PRIDE shows.

In 2005, PRIDE Bushido staged welterweight and lightweight grands prix. Two eight-man brackets were set up and the quarter finals and semi finals were held at PRIDE Bushido 9, along with an alternate bout in each bracket. The finals were held at PRIDE Shockwave 2005, with the winners subsequently being crowned as champions for their division. A sixteen-man welterweight grand prix was held in 2006. With Bushido shows being discontinued from 2007, these grands prix will be moved to the main PRIDE Grand Prix series and will be held on a four-yearly rotation with the other classes.

PRIDE The Best

In 2002, PRIDE launched The Best, a series of shows featuring up-and-coming fighters, using an eight-sided roped ring. However, after the third show in October 2002, the series was discontinued.

PRIDE current champions

Weight Division	Champion
Heavyweight	Fedor Emelianenko
Welterweight	Dan Henderson
Lightweight	Takanori Gomi

Retired Championships:

Weight Division	Last Champion
Middleweight	Dan Henderson

Tournament Champions:

Year/Weight Division	Champion
2000 Openweight	Mark Coleman
2003 Middleweight	Wanderlei Silva
2004 Heavyweight	Fedor Emelianenko
2005 Middleweight	Mauricio Rua
2005 Welterweight	Dan Henderson
2005 Lightweight	Takanori Gomi
2006 Openweight	Mirko Filipović
2006 Welterweight	Kazuo Misaki

Notable PRIDE fighters

Super-Heavyweight

• Eric Esch alias "Butterbean"
• Zuluzinho
• Tom Erikson
• Rulon Gardner
• Dan Bobish
• Alexandru Lungu

Heavyweight

• Fedor Emelianenko (PRIDE FC Heavyweight Champion; PRIDE FC 2004 Heavyweight Grand Prix Champion)
• Mirko 'Cro Cop' Filipović (PRIDE FC 2006 Open Weight Grand Prix Champion)
• Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira (First PRIDE FC Heavyweight Champion; PRIDE FC 2004 Heavyweight Grand Prix finalist)
• Mark Coleman (PRIDE FC 2000 Grand Prix Champion)
• Josh Barnett (PRIDE FC 2006 Open Weight Grand Prix finalist)
• Igor Vovchanchyn (PRIDE FC 2000 Grand Prix Finalist)
• Hidehiko Yoshida (Japanese Judo Gold Medalist)
• Nobuhiko Takada
• Aleksander Emelianenko
• Mark Hunt (ex K-1 World Grand Prix Champion)
• Sergei Kharitonov
• Don Frye
• Ken Shamrock (ex King of Pancrace)
• Kazuyuki Fujita
• Heath Herring
• Mark Kerr
• James Thompson
• Fabricio Werdum
• Roman Zentsov
• Semmy Schilt (Current K-1 World Grand Prix Champion)
• Gilbert Yvel
• Gary Goodridge
• Tsuyoshi Kohsaka
• Mario Sperry
• Marco Ruas
• Pedro Rizzo
• Daniel Gracie
• Ron Waterman
• Ricco Rodriguez
• Masaaki Satake
• Naoya Ogawa
• Hirotaka Yokoi

Middleweight

• Quinton Jackson (PRIDE FC 2003 Middleweight Grand Prix Finalist and Final Middleweight Champion)
• Dan Henderson (Current Welterweight and former Middleweight Champion)
• Wanderlei Silva (Former Middleweight Champion and PRIDE FC 2003 Middleweight Grand Prix Champion)
• Mauricio Rua (PRIDE FC 2005 Middleweight Grandprix Champion)
• Ricardo Arona (PRIDE FC 2005 Middleweight Grand Prix Finalist)
• Antonio Rogerio Nogueira
• Kevin Randleman
• Rameau Thierry Sokoudjou
• Alistair Overeem
• Kazuhiro Nakamura
• Yuki Kondo
• Guy Mezger
• Vitor Belfort
• Rodrigo Gracie
• Alexander Otsuka
• Akira Shoji
• Daijiro Matsui
• Sanae Kikuta
• Kiyoshi Tamura

Welterweight

• Denis Kang (PRIDE FC 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix finalist)
• Dan Henderson (Current Welterweight and former Middleweight Champion; 2005 Welterweight Grand Prix Champion)
• Paulo Filho (Pride FC 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix semi-finalist)
• Murilo Bustamante (PRIDE FC 2005 Welterweight Grand Prix finalist)
• Kazuo Misaki (PRIDE FC 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix Champion)
• Kazushi Sakuraba (Pride FC 2000 Grand Prix semi-finalist)
• Murilo Rua
• Royce Gracie
• Rickson Gracie
• Renzo Gracie
• Ryan Gracie
• Ryo Chonan
• Anderson Silva
• Ikuhisa Minowa
• Daiju Takase
• Frank Trigg
• Phil Baroni
• Akihiro Gono
• Robbie Lawler
• Daniel Acacio
• Carlos Newton

Lightweight

• Takanori Gomi (PRIDE FC Lightweight Champion; PRIDE FC 2005 Lightweight Grand Prix Champion)
• Hayato Sakurai (PRIDE FC 2005 Lightweight Grand Prix finalist)
• Gilbert Melendez
• Joachim Hansen
• Marcus Aurelio
• Nick Diaz
• Jens Pulver
• Mitsuhiro Ishida
• Shinya Aoki
• Tatsuya Kawajiri
• Luiz Azeredo
• Yves Edwards
• Masakazu Imanari
• Luiz Firmino
• Charles Bennett
• Ralph Gracie
• Royler Gracie
• Jean Silva
• Nobuhiro Obiya

Taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRIDE_Fighting_Championships

Type	Private
Founded	1993
Founder	Art Davie, Rorion Gracie
Headquarters	Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Key people	Dana White, President Marc Ratner, VP Regulatory Affairs Joe Silva, VP Talent Relations/Matchmaker
Industry	Mixed martial arts promotion
Parent	Zuffa, LLC
Slogan	As real as it gets
Website	http://www.ufc.com/

Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is a U.S.-based mixed martial arts (MMA) organization, currently recognized as the largest MMA promotion in the world. The UFC is headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada and is owned and operated by Zuffa, LLC.

The UFC was started as a tournament to find the world's best fighters irrespective of their style, and was based upon Brazilian vale tudo fighting. Although there was a limited number of rules, the UFC was initially known as no holds barred fighting and contests were often violent and brutal. Early UFC fights were less sport than spectacle, which led to accusations of brutality and "human cock fighting" by opponents. Political pressures eventually led the UFC into the underground, as pay-per-view providers nixed UFC programming, nearly extinguishing the UFC's public visibility.

As political pressure mounted, the UFC reformed itself, slowly embracing stricter rules, becoming sanctioned by state athletic commissions, and marketing itself as a legitimate sporting event. Dropping the no holds barred label and carrying the banner of mixed martial arts, the UFC has emerged from its political isolation to become more socially acceptable, regaining its position in pay-per-view television.

With a cable television deal and expansion into new markets within the United States and Europe, the UFC is currently undergoing a remarkable surge in popularity, along with greater mainstream media coverage. UFC programming can now be seen on Spike TV in the United States, as well as in 35 other countries worldwide.

History

Origins

The concept for a tournament to discover the world's best fighting style was the brainchild of Art Davie, a Southern California based advertising executive. Davie met Rorion Gracie in 1991 while researching martial arts for a marketing client. Gracie operated a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu school in Torrance, California and the Gracie family had a long history of vale-tudo matches – a precursor of mixed martial arts – in Brazil. Davie became Gracie's student.

In 1992, inspired by the Gracies in Action video series produced by the Gracies featuring various martial arts masters being defeated using Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, Davie proposed an eight-man, single-elimination tournament with a working title of War of the Worlds to Rorion Gracie and John Milius. The tournament would feature martial artists from different disciplines facing each other in no holds barred combat to see which martial art was truly the best which replicated the excitement of the matches Davie saw on those videos. Milius, a noted film director and screenwriter, as well as a Gracie student, agreed to be the event's creative director. Davie drafted the business plan and twenty-eight investors contributed the initial capital to start WOW Promotions with the intent to develop the tournament into a television franchise.

In 1993, WOW Promotions sought a television partner and approached pay-per-view producers TVKO (HBO), SET (Showtime) and Semaphore Entertainment Group (SEG). Both TVKO and SET declined, but SEG – a pioneer in pay-per-view television which had produced such off-beat events as a mixed-gender tennis match between Jimmy Connors and Martina Navratilova – became WOW's partner in May 1993. SEG contacted video and film art director Jason Cusson to design the trademarked "Octagon", a signature piece for the event. Cusson remained the Production Designer through UFC 27. SEG devised the name for the show as The Ultimate Fighting Championship. The two companies produced the first event at McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado on November 12, 1993. Davie functioned as the show's booker and matchmaker. The television broadcast featured two kickboxers, Patrick Smith and Kevin Rosier; a savate fighter, Gerard Gordeau; a karate expert, Zane Frazier; a shootfighter, Ken Shamrock; a sumo wrestler, Teila Tuli; a professional boxer, Art Jimmerson; and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu black belt Royce Gracie—Rorion's younger brother who was hand-picked by Rorion himself to represent his family. The show was an instant success, drawing 86,592 television subscribers on pay-per-view to witness Royce Gracie take the first UFC crown. In April 1995, following UFC 5 in Charlotte, North Carolina, Davie and Gracie sold their interest in the franchise to SEG and disbanded WOW Promotions. Davie continued with SEG as the show's booker and matchmaker, as well as the Commissioner of Ultimate Fighting, until December 1997.

A core proposition for the show was to find an answer for sports fans: "Can a wrestler beat a boxer?" As was the case with most martial arts at the time, fighters were typically skilled in just one discipline (e.g., boxing, Judo, or jujutsu) and had little experience against opponents with different skills. Some competitors were also rumored to have inflated their credentials to legitimize their presence. Kimo Leopoldo, for example, was touted in UFC 3 as a "third degree black belt" in taekwondo. Kimo's fighting is best described as freestyle and he holds no such rank.

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu 180 lb. fighter Royce Gracie submits 250 lb. champion wrestler Dan Severn.

With no weight classes, fighters often faced significantly larger or taller opponents. For example, Keith "The Giant Killer" Hackney faced Emmanuel Yarborough at UFC 3 with a 9 in (22 cm) height and 400 lb (180 kg) weight disadvantage. Many martial artists believed that technique could overcome these size disadvantages, and that a skilled fighter could use an opponent's size and strength against him; with the 170 lb (77 kg) Royce Gracie winning three of the first four UFC events, the UFC quickly proved that size does not always determine outcome.

Although "There are no rules!" was the tagline, the term was not strictly true; the UFC operated with limited rules. There was no biting, no eye gouging, and techniques such as hair pulling, headbutts and groin strikes were frowned upon, but allowed. In fact, in a UFC 4 qualifying match, two competitors Jason Fairn and Guy Mezger agreed not to pull hair as they both wore pony tails tied back for the match. Additionally, that same event saw a matchup between Keith Hackney and Joe Son in which Hackney unleashed a series of groin shots against Joe Son while on the ground. UFC was similarly characterized, especially in the early days, as an extremely violent sport, as evidenced by a disclaimer in the beginning of the UFC 5 broadcast which warned audiences of the violent nature of the event. A brief appearance of a match in the 1995 film Virtuosity likely did little to change this perception.

Controversy and reform

The UFC became a hit on pay-per-view and home video almost immediately due to its originality, realism, and wide press coverage, although not all of it favorable. The nature of the burgeoning sport quickly drew the attention of the authorities and UFC events were banned in a number of American states. Senator John McCain (R-AZ), was sent a tape of the first UFC events and immediately found it abhorrent. McCain himself led a campaign to ban Ultimate Fighting, calling it "human cockfighting", and sending letters to the governors of all fifty U.S. states to ban the event. As a result, the UFC was dropped from the major cable pay-per-view distributor Viewer's Choice, and individual cable carriers such as TCI Cable. Thirty-six states enacted laws that banned "no-holds-barred" fighting, including New York, which enacted the ban on the eve of UFC 12, forcing an overnight relocation of the event to Dothan, Alabama. The UFC continued to air on DirecTV PPV, though its audience was minuscule compared to the larger cable pay-per-view platforms of the era.

In response to the criticism, the UFC increased its cooperation with state athletic commissions and redesigned its rules to remove the less palatable elements of fights while retaining the core elements of striking and grappling. Weight classes were introduced at UFC 12; gloves became mandatory and kicks to a downed opponent, hair pulling, and groin strikes were banned at UFC 14. UFC 15 saw more limitations on permissible striking areas: strikes to the back of the neck and head, and small joint manipulations were banned. With five-minute rounds introduced at UFC 21, the UFC gradually re-branded itself as a sport rather than a spectacle.

As the UFC continued to work with state athletic commissions, events were held in smaller U.S. markets, including Iowa, Mississippi, Louisiana, Wyoming and Alabama. SEG could not secure home video releases for UFC 23 through UFC 29 in a period known by some fans as the "Dark days" of the UFC. With other mixed martial arts promotions working towards U.S. sanctioning, the International Fighting Championships secured the first U.S. sanctioned mixed martial arts event, which occurred in New Jersey on September 30, 2000. Just two months later, the UFC held its first sanctioned event, UFC 28, under the New Jersey State Athletic Control Board's "Unified Rules". A spokeswoman for McCain would later state "he's very glad to see the changes" in the sport's safety rules.

Zuffa purchase

After the long battle to get sanctioned SEG was on the brink of bankruptcy when they were approached by Station Casinos executives Frank and Lorenzo Fertitta, and boxing promoter Dana White in 2001, with an offer to purchase the UFC. A month later, in January 2001, the Fertittas bought the UFC for $2 million and created Zuffa, LLC as the parent entity controlling the UFC. With ties to the Nevada State Athletic Commission (Lorenzo Fertitta was a former member of the NSAC), Zuffa secured sanctioning in Nevada in 2001. Shortly thereafter, at UFC 33, the UFC returned to pay-per-view cable television.

The UFC steadily, but slowly, rose in popularity after the Zuffa purchase, due partly to effective advertising, corporate sponsorship, the return of cable pay-per-view, and subsequent home video and DVD releases. With larger live gates at casino venues like the Trump Taj Mahal and the MGM Grand Garden Arena, and pay-per-view buys beginning to return to levels enjoyed by the UFC prior to the political backlash in 1997, the UFC secured its first television deal with Fox Sports Net, with The Best Damn Sports Show Period airing the first mixed martial arts match on American cable television in June 2002 with UFC 37.5. Later, FSN would air highlight shows from the UFC, showcasing one hour blocks of the UFC's greatest bouts. At UFC 40, pay-per-view buys hit 150,000 for a card headlined by a grudge match between Tito Ortiz and Ken Shamrock. Shamrock was an original headliner from the UFC's early days who had since defected to WWE-brand professional wrestling. It was the first time the UFC hit such a high mark since being forced "underground" in 1997. Despite the success, the UFC was still experiencing financial deficits, and by 2004, Zuffa had $34 million of losses since the purchase.

Mainstream emergence

After being featured in a reality television series, American Casino, and seeing how well the series worked as a promotion vehicle, the Fertitta brothers decided that the UFC should have its own reality series. Their idea, The Ultimate Fighter – a reality television show not unlike Survivor, but featuring up-and-coming MMA fighters in competition, with fighters eliminated from competition via exhibition mixed martial arts matches – was pitched to several networks, each one rejecting the idea outright. Not until they approached Spike TV, with an offer to pay the $10 million production costs themselves, did they find an outlet. In January 2005, Spike TV launched the series in the timeslot following WWE Raw, and the show became an instant success. A second season of The Ultimate Fighter launched in August 2005, and two more seasons appeared in 2006. Spike TV and the UFC announced plans for additional seasons airing in 2007 and 2008.

Comedian Joe Rogan broadcasting as color commentator at UFC Fight Night 7

Following the success of The Ultimate Fighter, Spike TV also picked up UFC Unleashed, an hour-long weekly show featuring select fights from previous events. Spike TV also signed on to broadcast live UFC Fight Night, a series of fight events debuting in August 2005; Countdown specials to promote upcoming UFC pay-per-view cards, and several other series and specials featuring and promoting the UFC and its fighters.

With increased visibility, UFC's pay-per-view buy numbers exploded. UFC 52, the first event after the first season of The Ultimate Fighter, drew a pay-per-view audience of 280,000, nearly double its previous benchmark of 150,000 set at UFC 40. Following the second season of The Ultimate Fighter, the UFC's much-hyped rubber match between Randy Couture and Chuck Liddell drew an estimated 410,000 pay-per-view buys at UFC 57. For the rest of 2006, pay-per-view buy rates continued to skyrocket with 620,000 buys for UFC 60, 775,000 buys for UFC 61 which featured the second fight between Ken Shamrock and Tito Ortiz, the coaches of The Ultimate Fighter 3. UFC 66, featuring Tito Ortiz facing Chuck Liddell in their highly anticipated rematch, garnered 1,050,000 buy rates, the current PPV buy rate record for the UFC and MMA in general. The UFC broke the pay-per-view industry's all-time records for a single year of business, generating over $222,766,000 in revenue during 2006, surpassing WWE and boxing.

In March 2006, the UFC announced its hiring of Marc Ratner, former Executive Director of the Nevada Athletic Commission, as Vice President. Ratner, once an ally of Senator McCain's campaign against mixed martial arts, was credited as one person responsible for the emergence of sanctioned mixed martial arts in the United States. Ratner is expected to help raise the UFC's media profile and help legalize mixed martial arts in jurisdictions inside and outside the United States that do not sanction mixed martial arts bouts.

The UFC continues its rapid rise from being "an almost unknown promotion" in 2005, to gracing the covers of Sports Illustrated and ESPN The Magazine in May 2007. UFC programming is now shown in 36 countries worldwide, and the UFC plans to continue expanding internationally, running shows regularly in Canada and the United Kingdom, with an office established in the UK aimed to expand the European UFC audience.

On March 27, 2007 The UFC and PRIDE Fighting Championships announced an agreement in which the majority owners of the UFC, Frank and Lorenzo Fertitta, would purchase the PRIDE organization. Initial intentions were for both organizations to be separately run but aligned together and there were plans to co-promote supercards featuring champions and top contenders from both organizations. But recent comments by Dana White indicate that the Pride brand will likely be folded and many former Pride fighters are already being realigned under the UFC brand.

Rules

The current rules for the Ultimate Fighting Championship were originally established by the New Jersey Athletic Control Board. The "Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts" that New Jersey established has been adopted in other states that regulate mixed martial arts, including Nevada, Louisiana, and California. These rules are also used by many other promotions within the United States, becoming mandatory for those states that have adopted the rules, and so have become the standard de facto set of rules for professional mixed martial arts across the country.

Rounds

Every round in UFC competition is five minutes in duration. Title matches have five rounds, and non-title matches have three rounds. There is a one minute rest period between rounds.

Weight divisions

The UFC currently uses five weight classes:

• Lightweight: 146 to 155 lb (70 kg)
• Welterweight: 156 to 170 lb (77 kg)
• Middleweight: 171 to 185 lb (84 kg)
• Light Heavyweight: 186 to 205 lb (93 kg)
• Heavyweight: 206 to 265 lb (120 kg)

In addition, there are four other weight classes specified in the Unified Rules which the UFC does not currently utilize: Flyweight (under 125 lb, 57 kg), Bantamweight (126 to 135 lb, 61 kg), Featherweight (136 to 145 lb, 66 kg), and Super Heavyweight ( above 265 lb, 120 kg). The Bantamweight and Featherweight classes are used in another promotion wholly owned by UFC, World Extreme Cagefighting.

Cage

The Octagon

The UFC stages bouts in an octagonal caged enclosure, "The Octagon.". Originally, SEG trademarked The Octagon and prevented other mixed martial arts promotions from using the same type of cage, but in 2001, Zuffa gave its permission for other promotions to use octagonal cages (while reserving use of the name "Octagon"), reasoning that the young sport needed uniformity to continue to win official sanctioning.

The cage is an eight-sided structure with walls of metal chain-link fence coated with black vinyl and a diameter of 32 ft (9.75 m), allowing 30 ft (9 m) of space from point to point. The fence is 6 ft (1.83 m) high. The cage sits atop a platform, raising it 4 ft (1.2 m) from the ground. It has foam padding around the top of the fence and between each of the eight sections. It also has two entry-exit gates opposite each other.

The mat, painted with sponsorship logos and art, is replaced for each event.

Attire

All competitors must fight in approved shorts, without shoes or any other sort of foot padding. Shirts, gis or long pants (including gi pants) are not allowed. Fighters must use approved light gloves (110 to 170 g / 4 to 6 ounces) that allow fingers to grab. These gloves enable fighters to use tremendous punching power with less risk of an injured or broken hand, while providing capability in grabbing and grappling.

Originally the attire for UFC was very open if controlled at all. Many fighters still chose to wear tight-fitting shorts or boxing-type trunks, while others wore long pants or tight wrestling suits. Multi-time tournament champion Royce Gracie wore a jiujitsu gi in all his early appearances in UFC.

Match outcome

Matches usually end via:

• Submission: a fighter taps on the mat or his opponent three times (or more) or verbally submits.
• Knockout: a fighter falls from a legal blow and is either unconscious or unable to immediately continue.
• Technical Knockout: stoppage of the fight by the referee if the referee determines a fighter cannot "intelligently defend" himself; if warnings to the fighter to improve his position or defense go unanswered (generally, two warnings are given, about 5 seconds apart); or by ringside doctor due to injury.
• Judges' Decision: Depending on scoring, a match may end as:
  • unanimous decision (all three judges score a win for one fighter),
  • split decision (two judges score a win for one fighter with the third for the other),
  • majority decision (two judges score a win for one fighter with one for a draw),
  • unanimous draw (all three judges score a draw),
  • majority draw (two judges score a draw).
  • split draw (the total points for each fighter is equal)

A fight can also end in a technical decision, technical draw, disqualification, forfeit or no contest.

Judging criteria

The ten-point must system is in effect for all UFC fights; three judges score each round and the winner of each receives ten points, the loser nine points or less. If the round is even, both fighters receive ten points. In New Jersey, the fewest points a fighter can receive is 7, and in other states by custom no fighter receives less than 8.

Fouls

The Nevada State Athletic Commission currently lists the following as fouls:

1. Butting with the head.
2. Eye gouging of any kind.
3. Biting.
4. Hair pulling.
5. Fish hooking.
6. Groin attacks of any kind.
7. Putting a finger into any orifice or into any cut or laceration on an opponent. (see Gouging)
8. Small joint manipulation.
9. Striking to the spine or the back of the head. (see Rabbit punch)
10. Striking downward using the point of the elbow. (see Elbow (strike))
11. Throat strikes of any kind, including, without limitation, grabbing the trachea.
12. Clawing, pinching or twisting the flesh.
13. Grabbing the clavicle.
14. Kicking the head of a grounded opponent.
15. Kneeing the head of a grounded opponent.
16. Stomping the head of a grounded opponent.
17. Kicking to the kidney with the heel.
18. Spiking an opponent to the canvas on his head or neck. (see piledriver)
19. Throwing an opponent out of the ring or fenced area.
20. Holding the shorts or gloves of an opponent.
21. Spitting at an opponent.
22. Engaging in unsportsmanlike conduct that causes an injury to an opponent.
23. Holding the ropes or the fence.
24. Using abusive language in the ring or fenced area.
25. Attacking an opponent on or during the break.
26. Attacking an opponent who is under the care of the referee.
27. Attacking an opponent after the bell (horn) has sounded the end of a round.
28. Flagrantly disregarding the instructions of the referee.
29. Timidity, including, without limitation, avoiding contact with an opponent, intentionally or consistently dropping the mouthpiece or faking an injury.
30. Interference by the corner.
31. Throwing in the towel during competition.
32. Using a foreign object in the ring to your advantage.

When a foul is charged, the referee in their discretion may deduct one or more points as a penalty. If a foul incapacitates a fighter, then the match may end in a disqualification if the foul was intentional, or a no contest if unintentional. If a foul causes a fighter to be unable to continue later in the bout, it ends with a technical decision win to the injured fighter if the injured fighter is ahead on points, otherwise it is a technical draw.

Match conduct

• After a verbal warning the referee can stop the fighters and stand them up if they reach a stalemate on the ground (where neither are in a dominant position or working towards one). This rule is codified in Nevada as the stand-up rule.
• If the referee pauses the match, it is resumed with the fighters in their prior positions.
• Grabbing the cage brings a verbal warning, followed by an attempt by the referee to release the grab by pulling on the grabbing hand. If that attempt fails or if the fighter continues to hold the cage, the referee may charge a foul.
• Early UFC events disregarded verbal sparring / "trash-talking" during matches. Under unified rules, antics are permitted before events to add to excitement and allow fighters to express themselves, but abusive language during combat is prohibited.

Evolution of the UFC rules

• UFC 1 - Although the advertising said there are no rules, there were in fact some rules: no biting, no eye-gouging, and rounds were to last five minutes, although no match in the first tournament lasted that long. Fights ended only in the event of a knockout, a submission, usually signalled by tapping the hand three times on the mat or opponent, or by the corner throwing in the towel. Despite this, the first match in UFC 1 was won by referee stoppage, even though it was not officially recognized as such at the time.
• UFC 2 - Time limits were dropped.
• UFC 3 - The referee was officially given the authority to stop a fight in case of a fighter being unable to defend himself. A fighter could not kick if he was wearing shoes. This rule would be discarded in later competitions.
• UFC 4 - After tournament alternate Steve Jennum won UFC 3 by winning only one bout, alternates (replacements) were required to win a pre-tournament bout to qualify for the role of an alternate.
• UFC 5 - The organizers introduced a 30-minute time limit. UFC 5 also saw the first Superfight, a one-off bout between two competitors selected by the organizers with the winner being crowned 'Superfight champion' and having the duty of defending his title at the next UFC.
• UFC 6 - The referee was given the authority to restart the fight. If two fighters were entangled in a position where there was a lack of action, the referee could stop the fight and restart the competitors on their feet, in their own corner. In UFC 6 they officially adopted the 5 minute extension to the 30 minute rule which had been used in UFC 5.
• UFC 8 - Time limit changed to 10 minutes in the first two rounds of the tournament, 15 minutes in the tournament final and Superfight. Fights could now be decided by a judges decision if the fight reached the end of the time limit. The panel was made up of three judges who simply raised a card with the name of the fighter they considered to be the winner. In this fashion, a draw was not possible since the only two possible outcomes of a decision were 3 to 0 or 2 to 1 in favor of the winner.
• UFC 9 - Closed fisted strikes were not allowed. The commentators were not aware of this last minute rule that was made to prevent the cancellation of the event due to local political pressures. Referee "Big John" McCarthy made repeated warnings to the fighters to "open the hand" when this rule was violated. However, not one fighter was reprimanded.
• UFC 12 - The main tournament was split into a heavyweight and lightweight division; and the eight-man tournament was abandoned. Fighters now needed to win only two fights to win the competition. The Heavyweight Champion title (and title bouts) was introduced, replacing the Superfight title (albeit matches were still for a time branded as "Superfights"). This event was also the first to introduce the "no grabbing of the fence" rule.
• UFC 14 - The wearing of padded gloves, weighing 110 to 170 g (4 to 6 ounces), becomes mandatory. Gloves were to be approved by the UFC.
• UFC 15 - Limits on permissible striking areas were introduced. Headbutts, groin strikes, strikes to the back of the neck and head, kicks to a downed opponent, small joint manipulation, and hair-pulling became illegal.
• UFC 21 - Five minute rounds were introduced, with preliminary bouts consisting of two rounds, regular non-title bouts at three rounds, and title bouts at 5 five minute rounds. The "ten point must system" was introduced for scoring fights (identical to the system widely used in boxing).
• UFC 28 - The New Jersey Athletic Control Board sanctions its first UFC event, using the newly developed Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts. Major changes to the UFC's rules included barring knee strikes to the head of a downed opponent, and elbow strikes to the spine and neck. Limits on permissible ring attire, stringent medical requirements, and regulatory oversight were also introduced. A new weight class system was also introduced. This new set of rules is currently the de facto standard for MMA events held in the USA and is still in use by the UFC.
• UFC 31 Weight classes are re-aligned to the current standard. Bantamweight moves from 150 to 155 and becomes known as Lightweight. Lightweight becomes known as Welterweight, Middleweight becomes Light Heavyweight, and a new Middleweight class is introduced at 185.

The Ultimate Fighter

Fights that occur on The Ultimate Fighter are technically classified as exhibition matches under NSAC sanctioning, and thus do not count toward the professional record of a fighter. Match outcomes also do not need to be immediately posted publicly, which allows for fight results to be unveiled as the series progresses.

These exhibition matches variably have two or three rounds, depending on the rules used for each season. In most seasons, preliminary matches (before the semi-final bouts) were two rounds; in season two, all matches had three rounds. For two-round matches, if there is a draw after two rounds, an extra five-minute round ("sudden victory") is contested. If the extra round concludes without a stoppage, the judges' decision will be based on that final round. All matches past the first round use three rounds as per standard UFC bouts. During the finales for each series, the division finals have the standard three rounds, plus a fourth round if the judges score a tie.

Current champions

Division	Upper weight limit	Champion	Since	Title Defenses
Heavyweight	265 lb (120 kg)	Randy Couture	March 3, 2007 (UFC 68)	1
Light Heavyweight	205 lb (93 kg)	Quinton Jackson	May 26, 2007 (UFC 71)	1
Middleweight	185 lb (84 kg)	Anderson Silva	October 14, 2006 (UFC 64)	2
Welterweight	170 lb (77 kg)	Matt Serra	April 7, 2007 (UFC 69)	0
Lightweight	155 lb (70 kg)	Sean Sherk	October 14, 2006 (UFC 64)	1

Notable UFC fighters

UFC Hall of Fame inductees

• Royce Gracie (Inducted UFC 45)
• Ken Shamrock (Inducted UFC 45)
• Dan Severn (Inducted UFC 52)
• Randy Couture (Inducted The Ultimate Fighter Season 3 Finale)

Accomplished UFC fighters

The following fighters have won a tournament, championship title, or an Ultimate Fighter tournament. Some have competed in different weight classes.

Heavyweights 206 to 265 lb (120 kg)

• Josh Barnett (former UFC heavyweight champion)
• Andrei Arlovski (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Mark Coleman (UFC 10 and UFC 11 Open Weight Tournament Champion, former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Randy Couture (Current UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Mark Kerr (UFC 14 and 15 Heavyweight Tournament Champion)
• Frank Mir (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Kevin Randleman (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Pedro Rizzo (UFC Ultimate Brazil Heavyweight Superfight Champion)
• Ricco Rodriguez (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Bas Rutten (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Ken Shamrock (former 2 time UFC Superfight Champion)
• Maurice Smith (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Tim Sylvia (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
• Don Frye (UFC 8 & Ultimate Ultimate #2 1996 Open Weight Tournament Champion)
• Dan Severn (UFC 5 & Ultimate Ultimate #1 1995 Open Weight Tournament Champion & former Open Weight Superfight Champion)
• Oleg Taktarov (UFC 6 Open Weight Tournament Champion)
• Marco Ruas (UFC 7 Open Weight Tournament Champion)

Light Heavyweights 186 to 205 lb (93 kg)

• Quinton Jackson (current UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
• Vitor Belfort (UFC 12 4-Man Tournament Champion, former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
• Michael Bisping (The Ultimate Fighter 3 light heavyweight winner)
• Randy Couture (former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
• Rashad Evans (The Ultimate Fighter 2 heavyweight winner)
• Forrest Griffin (The Ultimate Fighter 1 light heavyweight winner)
• Chuck Liddell (former Light Heavyweight Champion)
• Guy Mezger (UFC 13 Lightweight 4-Man Tournament Champion)
• Tito Ortiz (former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
• Ken Shamrock (former UFC Superfight Champion)

Middleweights 171 to 185 lb (84 kg)

• Anderson Silva (current UFC Middleweight Champion)
• Murilo Bustamante (former UFC Middleweight Champion)
• Rich Franklin (former UFC Middleweight Champion)
• Royce Gracie (UFC 1, 2 & 4 Open Weight Tournament Champion)
• Kendall Grove (The Ultimate Fighter 3 middleweight winner)
• Dan Henderson (UFC 17 4-Man Middleweight Tournament Champion)
• Travis Lutter (The Ultimate Fighter 4 middleweight winner)
• Dave Menne (former UFC Middleweight Champion)
• Frank Shamrock (former UFC Middleweight Champion)
• Evan Tanner (former UFC Middleweight Champion)

Welterweights 156 to 170 lb (77 kg)

• Matt Serra (The Ultimate Fighter 4 welterweight winner, current UFC Welterweight Champion)
• Matt Hughes (former UFC Welterweight Champion)
• Pat Miletich (former UFC Welterweight Champion)
• Carlos Newton (former UFC Welterweight Champion)
• Diego Sánchez (The Ultimate Fighter 1 middleweight winner)
• Georges St. Pierre (former UFC Welterweight Champion)

Lightweights 146 to 155 lb (70 kg)

• Sean Sherk (current UFC Lightweight Champion)
• Nate Diaz (The Ultimate Fighter 5 lightweight winner)
• B.J. Penn (former UFC Welterweight Champion)
• Jens Pulver (former UFC Lightweight Champion)
• Joe Stevenson (The Ultimate Fighter 2 welterweight winner)

In other media

Music

• UFC: Ultimate Beat Downs, Vol. 1, an album of music featured in and inspired by the UFC.

Video games

• Ultimate Fighting Championship
• UFC: Tapout
• UFC: Throwdown
• UFC: Tapout 2
• UFC: Sudden Impact

In January 2007, Zuffa and videogame developer/publisher THQ announced a license agreement giving THQ worldwide rights to develop titles under the UFC brand. The agreement gives THQ exclusive rights to current and next-generation consoles as well as PC and handheld titles. Also included are "certain wireless rights" which were not detailed. The licensing agreement is to expire in 2011.

As announced by a trailer on July 12, 2007 at E3, the next-gen UFC game, entitled UFC 2009 is currently in progress.

Taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_Fighting_Championship